Etiologic diagnosis and epidemiology of chromoblastomycosis
Keywords:
chromoblastomycosis, dematiaceous fungi, dermatomycosisAbstract
Introduction: Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic subcutaneous mycosis caused by a group of dematiaceous fungi; Fonsecaea pedrosoi is one of the most frequent etiological agents and is found in tropical climates with abundant vegetation. The diagnosis is based on three fundamental pillars: clinical-epidemiological, pathological anatomy and microbiological.Objective: to describe the etiological diagnosis and epidemiological variables of interest of the disease in Villa Clara Province during the period from 2003 to 2018.
Methods: descriptive, cross-sectional study in a population of 47 patients. Absolute and relative frequencies were used as summary measures and the Kulldorff technique was used for spatiotemporal exploration.
Results: from the total number of patients, 19% were submitted to mycological studies in which the species Fonsecaea pedrosoi, Cladophialophora carrionii and Phialophora verrucosa were isolated. In the municipality of Manicaragua, a true spatial cluster with a high incidence rate was identified. It was 2.12 times more frequent in men than in women.
Conclusions: in the province there is no clinical, anatomopathological and microbiological integration for the diagnosis of chromoblastomycosis; at least three known etiological agents, Fonsecaea pedrosoi, Cladophialophora carrionii and Phialophora verrucosa, were the cause of the disease during the period studied. The mountainous municipality of Manicaragua constitutes a high-risk geographical area in the province. The sex most affected by the disease was male.
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