Tratamiento del cáncer: la revolución del anticuerpo a la modificación genética ex vivo de linfocitos T

Dumeivy García Sánchez, Belkis L. Rodríguez Jorge, Juan Camilo Díaz Ceballos

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Resumen

Introducción: en la actualidad existe una respuesta inmune contra el cáncer iniciada por señales transmitidas por la célula tumoral. Método: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica para desarrollar un análisis crítico reflexivo del contenido de documentos publicados de 2005 a 2016. Objetivo: proponer una actualización sobre la temática. Desarrollo: la inmunoterapia es un pilar de tratamiento fundamental, la más empleada en este grupo ha sido la de los anticuerpos monoclonales. Con el avance de la ciencia y la profundización de los estudios se han perfeccionado la especificidad, la eficacia y la seguridad de los nuevos grupos de medicamentos y han surgido novedosas vías como diana molecular. Conclusiones: la ruta recorrida por la inmunoterapia se ha convertido, para la Oncología moderna, en un poderoso instrumento que ha mejorado considerablemente la expectativa de vida de los pacientes que padecen enfermedades malignas.

Palabras clave

anticuerpos monoclonales; diana molecular; inmunoterapia

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