Debut and epidemiology of type 1 diabetes in pediatric patients
Keywords:
type 1 diabetes mellitus, debut of the disease, risk factor, pediatric ageAbstract
Introduction: type 1 diabetes mellitus. It is one of the most prevalent chronic non-communicable diseases in the child population. Its incidence is variable. The causal multifactoriality is proposed where genetic, environmental and immunological factors are involved.Objective: to characterize clinically and epidemiologically patients who debuted with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the child population of Villa Clara in the period from January 2007 to December 2016.
Methods: an epidemiological, observational, descriptive, retrospective longitudinal study was carried out at the José Luis Miranda Pediatric Hospital in Santa Clara. The population of 229 children diagnosed with the disease between 1/1/2007 and 12/31/2016 followed up at the institution was studied. Carrying out the review of medical records.
Results: 183 patients were identified, representing an average of 1.3/1,000 discharges/year. The absolute number of cases and their relationship with the number of discharges was variable (age, form of debut and sex). The average incidence was 13.12 cases per 100,000 pediatric population, with an average annual increase of 2.3 cases/year. The mean age at diagnosis was 9.74 ± 4.58 years, with greater frequency, respectively.
Conclusions: type 1 diabetes mellitus has a high incidence in Villa Clara, the debut occurs frequently between 5 and 14 years, without differences between the sexes, in the form of diabetic ketoacidosis and ketosis, with a very low frequency of complications. Some epidemiological characteristics were similar to those described in the literature.
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15 junio 2025
