Epidemiological, clinical, histological and postsurgical characterization of patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer
Keywords:
esophageal neoplasms, epidemiology, signs and symptoms, risk factors, postoperative periodAbstract
Introduction: esophageal cancer is originated in the esophageal mucosa and is expanded towards the muscular layer and the adventitia as it is growing. Depending on the type of cell in which it originates, there is epidermoid carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.Objective: to describe the epidemiological, clinical, histological and post-surgical characteristics of patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer operated at the “Arnaldo Milián Castro” Hospital.
Methods: a descriptive, prospective longitudinal study was carried out from January 2010 to December 2021. The study population consisted of 71 patients.
Results: 58 patients (81.6%) were male and the most frequent ages ranged from 60 to 69 years. Smoking and alcohol consumption were the most frequent risk factors. Two patients had no known risk factors. Infectious (49.3) and surgical (36.6%) complications predominated. Fifty-one patients (71.8%) were discharged alive.
Conclusions: male sex and age group 60-69 years predominated, smoking was the most prevalent risk factor and dysphagia was the cardinal symptom. The most affected esophageal segment was the middle third, with histological diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma. Infectious complications predominated, with a mean hospital stay of 10 to 19 days. Most patients were discharged alive.
Downloads
References
1.Jáuregui-Francia FT, Jáuregui-Caycho L, Figueroa-Bejarano MR, Jáuregui-Figueroa MR, Purilla-Janto JM. Manejo actualizado en el tratamiento quirúrgico del cáncer de esófago. Rev Fac Med Hum [Internet]. 2018 [citado 26/01/2022];18(4):59–64. Disponible en: http://revistas.urp.edu.pe/index.php/RFMH/article/view/1732/1650. http://dx.doi.org/10.25176/RFMH.v18.n4.1732
2.Baghetto Italo T, Enrique Daniela T. Cáncer de Esófago. En: Duarte Rojas M, Gómez Marinkovic B. Cirugía en Medicina General. Manual de Enfermedades Quirúrgicas. Santiago de Chile: Centro de Enseñanza y Aprendizaje, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile; 2020.
3.Montiel Roa AJ, Dragotto Galván A, Mereles LM, Mora Garbini SD, Rojas Franco BM, Balmaceda Rodrígues BB. Prevalencia del cáncer de esófago y su tratamiento quirúrgico en un hospital de alta complejidad durante el periodo enero 2016 - diciembre 2018. Cir Parag [Internet]. 2020 [citado 26/01/2022];44(1):12-15. Disponible en: http://scielo.iics.una.py/pdf/sopaci/v44n1/2307-0420-sopaci-44-01-12.pdf. http://dx.doi.org/10.18004/sopaci.2020.abril. 12-15
4.Valdovinos Andraca F, Bernal Méndez AR. Esófago de Barrett: experiencia de 10 años en un centro de tercer nivel en México. Rev Gastroenterol Méx. [Internet]. 2018 [citado 26/01/2022];83(1):25-30. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S037509061730071X. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rgmx.2017.03.007
5.Koury K, Hernández R, López D. Complicaciones de esofagectomías. Rev Venez Oncol [Internet]. 2017 [citado 06/04/2022];29(4):252-259. Disponible en: https://www.redalyc.org/journal/3756/375652706006/html/
6.Gallego Plazas J. Cáncer de esófago. 28/11/2022 [citado 30/11/2022]. En: Sociedad Española de Oncología Médica [Internet]. Madrid: SEOM; 2021. Disponible en: https://seom.org/info-sobre-el-cancer/esofago?start=1
7.Zaninotto G, Markar S. Carcinoma precoz de esófago. Una perspectiva occidental. Cir Esp [Internet]. 2017 [citado 06/04/2022];96(8):463–465. Disponible en: https://www.elsevier.es/es-revista-cirugia-espanola-36-articulo-carcinoma-precoz-esofago-una-perspectiva-S0009739X17302336
8.Elizalde Frez JI. Cáncer de Esófago. En: Farreras Rozman, Medicina Interna. 18a ed. Barcelona: Eslevier; 2016. p. 85-88.
9.Torpy JM, Burke AE, Glass RM. JAMA patient page. Esophageal cancer. JAMA [Internet]. 2010 [citado 10/06/2022];304(6):704. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20699465/. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.304.6.704
10.Hernández Cortés K, Medina García C, Hernández Cortés N. Caracterización clínica, epidemiológica y anatómica del cáncer de esófago. Rev Cubana Med Gen Integr [Internet]. 2020 [citado 10/06/2022];36(4):1-12. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0864-21252020000400011
11.Nazario Dolz AM, Suárez Rodríguez JA, Romero García LI, Falcón Vilariño GC, Matos Tamayo ME, Rodríguez Fernández Z. Complicaciones de la esofagectomía por cáncer de esófago. Rev Cubana Cir [Internet]. 2022 [citado 30/11/2022];61(2):e_1331. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-74932022000200003
12.Cancer.Net [Internet]. Virginia: American Society of Clinical Oncology; c2005-2020 [actualizado 30/10/2019; citado 10/06/2022]. Cáncer de esófago: Factores de riesgo; [aprox. 2 pantallas]. Disponible en: https://www.cancer.net/es/tipos-de-c%C3%A1ncer/c%C3%A1ncer-de-es%C3%B3fago/factores-de-riesgo
13.Piedra Lauzán UJ, Leal Mursulí A, Cepero Nogueira M, Collera Rodríguez SA, Madrigal Batista G, Rodríguez Rodríguez I, et al. Cáncer de esófago. Investig Médicoquirúrg [Internet]. 2011 [citado 18/06/2022];3(2):142-154. Disponible en: http://www.revcimeq.sld.cu/index.php/imq/article/view/25
14.Norero EE, Ceroni M, Martínez C, Mejía R, Muñoz R, Godoy C. Complicaciones postoperatorias en esofagectomía por cáncer. Evaluación de 215 casos según definiciones del grupo de consenso internacional. Rev Cir [Internet]. 2020 [citado 18/06/2022];72(5):427-433. Disponible en: https://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2452-45492020000500427. http://dx.doi.org/10.35687/s2452-45492020005600
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who have publications with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors will retain their copyright and assign to the journal the right of first publication of their work, which will simultaneously be subject to a Creative Commons License / Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) that allows third parties to share the work as long as its author and first publication in this journal are indicated.
- Authors may adopt other non-exclusive license agreements for distribution of the published version of the work (e.g., depositing it in an institutional repository or publishing it in a monographic volume) as long as the initial publication in this journal is indicated.
- Authors are allowed and encouraged to disseminate their work through the Internet (e.g., in institutional telematic archives or on their web page) before and during the submission process, which can produce interesting exchanges and increase citations of the published work. (See The effect of open access).
August 1 2025
