Epidemiological profile of healthcare-associated infections
Keywords:
hospital infection, infection control, health profile, health careAbstract
Introduction: healthcare-associated infections are an indicator of healthcare quality because they occur after the performance or as a result of a necessary healthcare procedure.Objective: to describe the epidemiological profile of healthcare-associated infections at the “Mártires del 9 de Abril” Hospital in the period from 2018 to 2021.
Methods: retrospective descriptive descriptive observational study. The study universe was the total number of healthcare-associated infections registered in the period according to age, sex, location, isolated microorganisms, services in which they were registered and deaths.
Results: the incidence rate for the four-year period was 1.5 cases per 100 hospital admissions, 48.7% of the infections occurred in the 60 years and older age group and 39.9% corresponded to the respiratory system. Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 50.3% of the isolated microorganisms. The incidence rate was 16.7 in the Nephrology Department and 21.9 in the Therapy Department.
Conclusions: the incidence rates of healthcare-associated infections in the healthcare center during the period studied showed a downward trend. The 60 and over age group is the most affected. Respiratory tract infections predominate and are also the most lethal. Staphylococcus aureus was the most isolated microorganism. The highest incidence was recorded in the Nephrology Department and the highest lethality in the Therapy Department.
Downloads
References
1.Ministerio de Salud Pública. Programa de Prevención y Control de la Infección Intrahospitalaria 1996 [Internet]. La Habana: Minsap; 1996 [citado 10/07/2022]. Disponible en: https://files.sld.cu/sida/files/2012/01/prog-infeccion-intrahospit.pdf
2.Ramos-Cevallos JF, Tomás-Fernández AO, Tomás-Cordero LA, Fiallos-Mayorga TJ. Infecciones Asociadas Atención en Salud. Artículo de Revisión. Dominio Cienc [Internet]. 2022 [citado 12/07/2022];8(2):811-23. Disponible en: https://www.dominiodelasciencias.com/ojs/index.php/es/article/view/2677/html. https://doi.org/10.23857/dc.v8i2.2677
3.Organización Mundial de la Salud. La OMS publica el primer informe mundial sobre prevención y control de infecciones (PCI) [Internet]. Ginebra: OMS; 2023 [citado 20/04/2023]. Disponible en: https://www.paho.org/es/noticias/6-5-2023-oms-publica-primer-informe-mundial-sobre-prevencion-control-infecciones-pci
4.Sandrino Sánchez M, Lobán Pérez K, Martínez Medina JR, Hernández Castro JM, Ivizate Díaz JC. Factores de riesgo intrínsecos y extrínsecos en el desencadenamiento de las infecciones nosocomiales hospitalarias. Rev Ciencias Médicas [Internet]. 2020 [citado 12/07/2022];24(3):e4234. Disponeble en: https://revcmpinar.sld.cu/index.php/publicaciones/article/view/4234/pdf
5.Corrales F, López-Cánovas L. Las Infecciones Nosocomiales en Cuba y su control mediante las Técnicas Moleculares de Tipificación de Microorganismos. Rev CENIC Cienc Biol [Internet]. 2016 [citado 12/07/2022];47(1):27-32. Disponible en: https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/1812/181244353004.pdf
6.Arango Díaz A, López Berrío S, Vera Núñez D, Castellanos Sánchez E, Rodríguez Sanabria PH, Rodríguez Feitó MB. Epidemiología de las infecciones asociadas a la asistencia sanitaria. Acta Méd Centro [Internet]. 2018 [citado12/07/2022];12(3):262-72. Disponible en: https://revactamedicacentro.sld.cu/index.php/amc/article/view/923/1192
7.Rodríguez-Heredia OI, Martín-Díaz G, Castellanos-Aguilera M, Marrero-Álvarez Y, Ivars-Enríquez JC. Infecciones asociadas a la asistencia sanitaria en la provincia Camagüey, años 2016-2020. AMC [Internet]. 2022 [citado 20/04/2023];26:e9125. Disponible en: https://revistaamc.sld.cu/index.php/amc/article/view/9125/4431
8.Masoudifar M, Gouya MM, Pezeshki Z, Eshrati B, Afhami S, Farzami MR, et al. Health care-associated infections,including device-associated infections, and antimicrobial resistance in Iran: The national update for 2018. J Prev Med Hyg [Internet]. 2021 [citado 23/07/2022];62(4):E943-E9. Disponible en: https://www.jpmh.org/index.php/jpmh/article/view/1801. https://doi.org/10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2021.62.4.1801
9.Díaz Valiente O, Rodriguez Prieto JC, Hernández Suárez N, Sandrino Sánchez M, Alfonso García I. Factores de riesgo, parámetros clínicos de infecciones asociadas a la asistencia sanitaria en un hospital. Rev Ciencias Médicas [Internet]. 2017 [citado12/07/2022];21(2):195-201. Disponible en: https://revcmpinar.sld.cu/index.php/publicaciones/article/view/2882
10.Teixeira H, Freitas A, Sarmento A, Nossa P, Gonçalves H, Pina MF. Spatial Patterns in Hospital-Acquired Infections in Portugal (2014–2017). Int J Environ Res Public Health [Internet]. 2021 [citado 12/07/2022];18(9):4703. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8124660/. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094703
11.Pujol M, Limón E. Epidemiología general de las infecciones nosocomiales. Sistemas y programas de vigilancia. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin [Internet]. 2013 [citado 12/07/2022];31(2):108-113. Disponible en: https://www.elsevier.es/es-revista-enfermedades-infecciosas-microbiologia-clinica-28-articulo-epidemiologia-general-infecciones-nosocomiales-sistemas-S0213005X13000025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eimc.2013.01.001
12.Hernández Faure C, Sánchez Fernández G, Reyes Matos I, Gutiérrez Sánchez I, Heredia Conde G. Infecciones asociadas a la atención en salud del Hospital Regional Santiago de Jinotepe, Nicaragua. Rev Inf Cient [Internet]. 2018 [citado 12/07/2022];97(4):755-765. Disponible en: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=6793075
13.Cabrales Mora M, Au Fonseca O. Neumonía asociada al ventilador en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Rev Cub Med Int Emerg [Internet]. 2017 [citado 12/07/2022];16(4):62-74. Disponible en: https://revmie.sld.cu/index.php/mie/article/view/62-74/html_126
14.Rosado Moreira JA, Intriago Cedeño MC, Padilla Urrea CM. Perfil epidemiológico de las infecciones respiratorias intrahospitalarias. Hospital Dr. Verdi Cevallos Balda. Ecuador. Rev Cient Arbitr Investig Salud GESTAR [Internet] 2021 [citado 12/07/2022];4(8 Ed. esp.):2-15. Disponible en: https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/27. https://doi.org/10.46296/gt.v4i8edespnov.0022
15.Sociedad Española de Medicina Preventiva, Salud Pública y Gestión Sanitaria. Prevalencia de infecciones (relacionadas con la asistencia sanitaria y comunitarias) y uso de antimicrobianos en hospitales de agudos. Estudio EPINE-EPPS No.32: 2022 Versión 1.0 [Internet]. España: Sociedad Española de Medicina Preventiva, Salud Pública y Gestión Sanitaria; 2022 [citado 20/04/2023]. Disponible en: https://epine.es/api/documento-publico/2022%20EPINE%20Informe%20Espa%C3%B1a%2020221201.pdf/reports-esp
16.Pezhman B, Fatemeh R, Amir R, Mahboobeh R, Mohammad F. Nosocomial infections in an Iranian educational hospital: an evaluation study of the Iranian nosocomial infection surveillance system. BMC Infect Dis [Internet]. 2021 [citado 12/07/2022];21(1):1256. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8672650/. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06948-1
17.Suetens C, Latour K, Kärki T, Ricchizzi E, Kinross P, Moro ML, et al. Prevalence of healthcare-associated infections, estimated incidence and composite antimicrobial resistance index in acute care hospitals and long-term care facilities: results from two European point prevalence surveys, 2016 to 2017. Euro Surveill [Internet]. 2018 [citado 12/07/2022];23(46):1800516. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6247459/. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.es.2018.23.46.1800516
18.Liu WP, Tian YQ, Hai YT, Zheng ZN, Cao QL. Prevalence survey of nosocomial infections in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China [2012-2014]. J Thorac Dis [Internet]. 2015 [citado 12/07/2022];7(9):1650-1657. Dsiponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4598532/. https://doi.org/10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2015.09.41
19.Perozo A, Castellano González MJ, Gómez Gamboa LP. Infecciones asociadas a la atención de salud. Enferm Investig [Internet]. 2020 [citado 12/07/2022];5(2):48-61. Disponible en: https://revistas.uta.edu.ec/erevista/index.php/enfi/article/view/877. https://doi.org/10.31243/ei.uta.v5i2.877.2020
20.Cai Y, Venkatachalam I, Tee NW, Yen Tan Y, Kurup A, Yew Wong S, et al. Prevalence of Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Use Among Adult Inpatients in Singapore Acute-Care Hospitals: Results From the First National Point Prevalence Survey. Clin Infect Dis [Internet]. 2022 [citado 12/07/2022];64(S2):S61-S67. Disponible en: https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/4/suppl_2/S/3782673. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cix103
21.Castañeda-Martínez FC, Valdespino-Padilla MG. Prevalencia de infecciones nosocomiales en un hospital de segundo nivel de atención en México. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc [Internet]. 2015 [citado 12/07/2022];53(6):686-690. Disponible en: https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/4577/457744940004.pdf
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who have publications with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors will retain their copyright and assign to the journal the right of first publication of their work, which will simultaneously be subject to a Creative Commons License / Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) that allows third parties to share the work as long as its author and first publication in this journal are indicated.
- Authors may adopt other non-exclusive license agreements for distribution of the published version of the work (e.g., depositing it in an institutional repository or publishing it in a monographic volume) as long as the initial publication in this journal is indicated.
- Authors are allowed and encouraged to disseminate their work through the Internet (e.g., in institutional telematic archives or on their web page) before and during the submission process, which can produce interesting exchanges and increase citations of the published work. (See The effect of open access).
15 junio 2025
