Chronic renal disease in pediatrics, its follow-up in the progression consultation

Abstract

Introduction: The asymptomatic character of chronic kidney disease influences its late diagnosis. Objective: To describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of children treated at the Consultation on the progression of this disease in the “José Luis Miranda” Hospital between 2009 and 2013. Method: a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out, the study population comprised 53 patients with clinical, etiological and prenatal diagnosis. Percentage analysis and χ² independence test were used. Results: 79,2% of the patients were in grade I; 64,2% were male; 45,3% were between five and 14 years old; 83% were white; in 23% the nutritional evaluation was low weight or lean; 17% had hypertension; 62,2% had etiology of vesicoureteral reflux; 49,1% had urinary tract infection as a factor of initiation and 15,1% had hypertension as a factor of progression; 73,6% had congenital malformations; 17,9% with prenatal diagnosis and 90,5% had no progression of the disease. Conclusions: age does not affect the degree of disease, which has as initial clinical manifestations in children the affectation of its nutritional status, arterial hypertension and mucosal cutaneous pallor. Congenital renal and urinary tract malformations are the fundamental etiologies, led by vesicoureteral reflux; many with post-natal diagnosis. The family history was the most frequent factor of susceptibility, urinary tract infection the fundamental initiator and arterial hypertension and proteinuria as factors of progression in patients under 18 years.