Incidence and risk factors of gestational diabetes
Keywords:
gestational, diabetes, maternal risk, risk factorAbstract
Introduction: gestational diabetes mellitus is the alteration of carbohydrate metabolism, of variable severity, that begins, or is recognized for the first time in pregnancy.Objective: to describe the incidence and risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus at the Fe del Valle Ramos Gynecological-Obstetric Provincial Hospital in the period between 2015 and 2019.
Methods: an observational study was carried out, conceived in two stages: a first one aimed at describing the main sociodemographic and clinical epidemiological aspects related to gestational diabetes mellitus in the population under study, and an analytical phase aimed at identifying the main risk factors associated with pregnant women. The information was collected through the medical records and hospital control registry of the studied patients. The information was processed using absolute and relative frequency distributions for its representation in tables and graphs.
Results: it was shown that the main risk factors that mainly affected the presence of gestational diabetes mellitus, in the study patients were a history of gestational diabetes in previous pregnancies, a family history of diabetes mellitus in relatives of the first degree of consanguinity and overweight or maternal obesity.
Conclusions: adequate prenatal care and regular and systematic monitoring of pregnant women allow the identification and timely diagnosis of patients at high risk of developing this disease.
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