Characterization of enterobacteria isolated in the Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology. Seven-year study

Abstract

The infection in hospitalized patients become more and more important. The Enterobacteriaceae family represents a significant percent of the isolates and is responsible for the increased hospital stay and poor patient outcomes. A retrospective descriptive study was conducted to characterize Enterobacteriaceae isolated in secretions of patients admitted to the Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology of the Arnaldo Milian Castro Provincial University Hospital in the City of Santa Clara from January 2001 to December 2007. The universe consisted of all isolates (2439) from secretions of the osteomyoarticular system and the sample was formed by the enterobacteria, 448 in total. The frequency of isolation was studied, as well as the time series and the antimicrobial resistance. Enterobacteriaceae (24%), together with non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli (26.3%) were the second leading cause of isolation. The Enterobacteriaceae were represented by Escherichia coli (31.5%), Citrobacter spp (27.4%), Enterobacter spp (18.8%) and Proteus spp (16.2%). The trend and seasonality of these microorganisms was analyzed. Amikacin, gentamicin and kanamycin were the least resistant antimicrobial; the ciprofloxacin was the most resistant in Escherichia coli and Citrobacter spp and least in Enterobacter spp and Proteus spp, Enterobacteriaceae were resistant to tetracycline, and most of them were resistant to cotrimoxazole. It was conclude that Escherichia coli, Citrobacter spp, Enterobacter spp and Proteus spp were the most isolated ones. There were time series of the most frequent ones and the aminoglycoside were the least resistant antibiotics, recommendations were made.