Adjuvant radiotherapy in rectal cancer

Authors

  • Lissi Lisbet Rodríguez Rodríguez Hospital Oncológico Provincial “Celestino Hernández Robau”
  • Yaissel Alfonso Alfonso Filial Universitaria de Ciencias Médicas "Lidia Doce Sánchez"
  • María Caridad Reinaldo Ruiz Hospital General Universitario “Mártires del 9 de Abril”
  • Elys María Pedraza-Rodríguez Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara
  • Lázaro Roque Pérez Filial Universitaria de Ciencias Médicas “Lidia Doce Sánchez”
  • Elizabeth Finalet Marrero Filial Universitaria de Ciencias Médicas “Lidia Doce Sánchez”

Keywords:

adjuvant radiotherapy, rectal neoplasms, risk factors, disease-free survival

Abstract

Introduction: radiotherapy is used as a treatment for more than a century and it is based on the use of local ionizing radiation. Objective: To evaluate the response to adjuvant radiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer. Method: A retrospective longitudinal descriptive observational study was carried out from January 2012 to December 2016. The study population consisted of patients treated at the Oncology and Radiotherapy Service of the Celestino Hernández Robau Hospital in Villa Clara with positive diagnosis of rectal cancer who met the criteria for treatment with adjuvant radiotherapy. The sample consisted of 198 patients by non-probabilistic or convenience sampling. Results: age between 41-50 years, male sex, urban origin and white skin color predominated; the fat diet, smoking habit, obesity and alcohol consumption predominated as a risk factor and the arterial hypertension, gastroduodenal ulcers and bronchial asthma as main associated diseases, in addition to other neoplasms. Family members were found with other types of neoplasms such as breast, prostate and ovarian cancer. The response to treatment was complete and prevailed in patients with stage I–b and II-b. Radiodermitis was among the acute complications and in chronic the radicular cystitis. Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of patients surviving without the disease even 2 years, after have received adjuvant radiotherapy without manifesting at least one relapse.

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Author Biographies

Lissi Lisbet Rodríguez Rodríguez, Hospital Oncológico Provincial “Celestino Hernández Robau”

Especialista de II Grado en Oncología

Yaissel Alfonso Alfonso, Filial Universitaria de Ciencias Médicas "Lidia Doce Sánchez"

Estudiante de Medicina

María Caridad Reinaldo Ruiz, Hospital General Universitario “Mártires del 9 de Abril”

Especialista de I Grado en Medicina General Integral. Especialista de I Grado en Gastroenterología y Hepatología Clínica.

Elys María Pedraza-Rodríguez, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara

Estudiante de Medicina

Lázaro Roque Pérez, Filial Universitaria de Ciencias Médicas “Lidia Doce Sánchez”

Estudiante de Medicina

Elizabeth Finalet Marrero, Filial Universitaria de Ciencias Médicas “Lidia Doce Sánchez”

Licenciada en Lengua Inglesa

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Published

2018-07-02

How to Cite

1.
Rodríguez Rodríguez LL, Alfonso Alfonso Y, Reinaldo Ruiz MC, Pedraza-Rodríguez EM, Roque Pérez L, Finalet Marrero E. Adjuvant radiotherapy in rectal cancer. Acta Méd Centro [Internet]. 2018 Jul. 2 [cited 2025 Jun. 28];12(3):313-20. Available from: https://revactamedicacentro.sld.cu/index.php/amc/article/view/898

Issue

Vol. 12 No. 3 (2018): July-September

Section

Original Articles

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